Paragraph free essay sample

Advanced Bangladesh Digital Bangladesh is a brilliant vision that is envisioned by the administration and the proficient class for the mechanical improvement of Bangladesh. Digitalization has become a trendy expression in the new time of data innovation. We would now be able to learn in a moment what's going on in the furthest corner of the world. The electronic exchange of data through the web has made an interconnected universe of data. Bangladesh will watch advanced year in 2011 to stamp the Journey to computerized Bangladesh. The legislature has taken up an activity for setting up Union Information Centers (UIC) in 1000 associations in accordance with the fantasy to construct Digital Bangladesh by 2021. This program is an invite advancement towards arriving at data innovation offices to the doorsteps of provincial individuals. The town individuals will handily get data about agribusiness, wellbeing, instruction, advertising and work from the UlCs. The administration has likewise moved to figure new laws engaging a power to set up six hello there tech parks with the point of building up oreign interest in the data innovation segment. We will compose a custom exposition test on Passage or then again any comparative point explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page The Supreme Court (SC) will be digitalized soon. All cases identified with data of the SC will be accessible in its site. Dhaka Metropolitan Police is additionally going to introduce a hey tech observing framework in the focal control space to reach the on the job police anyplace inside the metropolitan zone. Digitalization will to a great extent change banking and monetary exercises. Overall cash move and exchange of usiness have now gotten a matter of tapping the mouse of a PC. A few items like programming and TV programs are likewise agreeable to advanced transmission. We will have the option to purchase and sell merchandise through the electronic screen in the event that we can make a Digital Bangladesh. Without a doubt, empowering improvement towards digitalization of Bangladesh by 2021 can be conceivable. The yearning dream for a Digital Bangladesh will stay a fantasy if the legislature can not outfit the individuals with the innovation required for setting up the advanced time.

Smart About Where Sensitive Business - Free Essay Example

It has already been established that identity theft is a serious problem. To understand how to fight a problem, one must first diagnose the source of the problem. Consequently, to understand how to prevent identity theft, one must first understand the methods criminals use to steal identities. The first major category for discussion involves physical methods used to steal an identity. One such method is dumpster diving. Thieves sift through trash to find personal information (Dr. Donald Rebovich). The important lesson to learn from this is to not give thieves information to dive for. Keep your personal data personal, and thus care for it properly. This brings us into the second method: shoulder surfing. Criminals may look over ones shoulder as they type in their PIN number, passwords, or other credentials. Thieves may even install a video camera to record the victims personal data (Dr. Donald Rebovich). One must actively shield their information from bystanders, even the cashier. Also, be smart about where sensitive business is conducted. For example, managing banking websites at the public library is probably not a wise decision unless the action is absolutely necessary. Finally, the third physical method to steal information is much less obvious than the previous two. Skimming is a method that sends credit card information to an outside source when the card is swiped (Dr. Donald Rebovich). This method is much harder to defeat by common sense. After all, how can one know when their information is going to be relayed to a criminal simply via a swipe? To make manners more pressing, Dr. Donald Rebovich issues this warning: Skimming can occur through a number of different ways, whether it is a recording device set up on an ATM machine or a salesman who secretly swipes your card onto his personal digital card reader. Resultedly, one must be cautious of the location in which they use their credit card. If the organization seems sketchy, pay with cash. Try to withdraw money directly from the bank versus using an ATM as the middle man. In the world today, one must exercise caution even when he feels it to be unnecessary. To further this point, one must exercise caution on the web and their computer, not just in real life. Cybercriminals have an extensive amount of ways they attempt to steal personal data, passwords and credit cards. To explain or identify all of them would be impossible, or at the very least would take way to much time. After all, new ways of attacking computers constantly arise. Many methods cyber security personnel may not even know yet. However, for the common person it isnt necessary to know all the ways a criminal may try to attack systems or compromise information, but merely some of the most common ways. This enables one to be aware and cautious of threats while they are surfing the web and even checking their email. Phishing attacks affect many people, and can occur in many different forms. The cybercriminals will use an infected website or send an email with the purpose of either harvesting personal data or corrupting the device with some form of a virus (Homeland Security Writers). Beware, though, these emails may not immediately raise red flags. The email they send can look like it is from an authentic financial institution, e-commerce site, government agency, or any other service or business (Homeland Security Writers). One must make a practice of evaluating emails. Misspelled words, sketchy email addresses, and an urgency for the consumer to immediately respond with a password or banking information should raise a red flag. Never click the links in emails out of curiosity. Another major attack, pharming, occurs when a victim is rerouted to a fake website meant to imitate a legitimate website. The individual then enters their sensitive information, which they are kindly supplying to the hacker behind the fake website (Dr. Donald Rebovich). One way to guard against this type of attack is to always check the URL before entering sensitive information on a website. The URL should start with https and not http. Also make for sure that the URL is the actual domain of the site. A hacker may change the URL on a spoofed website to look like the URL on a legitimate website. For example, they may substitute the letter o with the number zero, or the may add something legitimate sounding to the end of the websites name. The third attack for discussion, the m an-in-the-middle attack involves criminally intercepting communication between two parties and recording the information without the two parties ever knowing about it (Dr. Donald Rebovich). Be very cautious of websites even when personal information is not being entered. Sketchy websites and clicking links could be the route a virus is installed in ones system. Also, use a legitimate antivirus software (do research) and make sure the antivirus is kept up-to date. Finally, the data breach of a company can affect employees and customers (Regents of the University of California Writers). Hackers may target employees in a phishing attack known as spear phishing, consequently, scrutiny toward work emails is necessary to help protect ones company (Dr. Donald Rebovich). Analyze, using the previously mentioned tips, even the work emails received. Hackers will attempt to compromise the entire company by gaining an individual employees login credentials (Dr. Donald Rebovich). Once a criminal has stolen personal information or an identity, they can cause much havoc and loss. Just as thieves use many methods to steal information, they use information in a variety of harmful ways. Probably one of the biggest nightmares occurs when the thief spends the victims money without the victim knowing for a period of time. The criminal may be able to change the victims billing address, so the victim would be unaware of the bills from the criminals purchases (Consumer Response Center Writers). The problem would keep snowballing until the victim finally found out. Imagine the victim attempting to pay for groceries, and then being informed there are insufficient funds in his account. It would be a nightmare to fix. The Consumer Response Center Writers, specifically speaking of bank and finance fraud, warn consumers about identity thieves: They may open a bank account in your name and write bad checks. They may authorize electronic transfers in your name from your accounts, and drain your savings. They may take out a loan in your name. The thief may also use the victims information on government documents and official ID cards; the thief can use thier picture but associate the card with the victims name (Consumer Response Center Writers). If this occurred, the victim could look at fault for basically anything the criminal wanted to do. The possibilities and areas of life this could affect are practically endless. Any time suspicious activity is suspected, even accounts that seem minor, it would be very wise to investigate the suspicious activity. Hackers may target a victims secondary accounts, which have no credit card information but have lower levels of security, to gain valuable information about a victim they can use to then hack a much higher-profile, higher-security account. For example, they may hack a fitness account to acquire information they can use to hack a bank account. One more point worth noting is that some cyber criminals do not want the victims information for themselves. So why would a hacker go through the effort of hacking a victim if they werent planning on using the victims information for their own fraudulous manners? It is because these cybercriminals sell their victims credit card numbers and identities to other criminals via the dark web (Regents of the University of California Writers). The methods used to steal information, and the scary ways criminals use that information have been covered, so now one must know how to prevent identity theft as best they can. Although to some extent identity theft is out of the victims control, to a major extent identity theft can be prevented. As previously implied, awareness is vitally important to prevention. Cautiousness in computer usage must be applied to prevent online identity theft. This cautiousness must extend even to Wi-Fi networks. Free public Wi-Fi (public Wi-Fi without a password) should never be used when entering sensitive information on the internet (Regents of the University of California Writers). Ideally, these Wi-Fi networks should never be used, for they lack security. Wi-Fi security matters in the home as well, especially for individuals who live in town. Regents of the University of California Writers warn us to make sure to encrypt and password protect your Wi-Fi at home. Creating stronger authentication for accounts, namely enabling two-factor authentication, wards off many attempts at compromising ones account. Two-factor authentication means that when an individual attempts to sign into their account, they must enter both their password and some other means of identification, usually a PIN number sent to a previously indicated device in their possession (Homeland Security Writers). Many major platforms, including Apple, Facebook, and Google, offer two-factor authentication. One would be wise to enable two-factor authentication on all the platforms and websites they use that offer this feature. Homeland Security Writers comfort us with this truth about two-factor authentication: Even if a cybercriminal is trying to access your account and has captured your password, they still cannot get account access without the second component, if you have instituted stronger authentication. Another way to have stronger authentication is to use a stronger password. Besides making a password longer, add numbers and symbols, for this makes cracking a password much more difficult and time consuming. To prevent identity theft, monitoring activity on credit reports and bank accounts is very important (Regents of the University of California Writers). Being aware of transactions, and potentially of unwarranted transactions made by an individual other than yourself, can help one to notice identity theft in its first stages before more harm occurs. While monitoring accounts, it is possible one will realize they have been a victim of identity theft. If this unfortunate situation occurs, take action. First, file a police report and contact any organization or business that was touched by the theft (Regents of the University of California Writers). Talk to customer support and hopefully the situation will be sorted out and the organization will be able to reverse the actions already taken by the criminal. Second, obtain credit reports and analyze them for fraudulent activity. If so, file a report with the credit bureaus (Regents of the University of California Writers). Third, it would be wise to change the passwords to your accounts. While doing so, remember to create secure passwords and consider enabling two-factor authentication if available. Finally, keep monitoring your credits and accounts (Regents of the University of California Writers). It is important to stay on top of the situation. Do not assume that the issue is over, keep monitoring. Ones identity stays their identity for life whether it is stolen or not. The Regents of the University of California Writers put the warning like this: Once identity thieves have your personal information, they have it forever.

Definition And Purpose Of Education - 1668 Words

It is perhaps misleading to refer to a singular meaning and purpose of education. Instead, as this essay will show, the meanings ascribed to it vary considerably, dependent on the positionality of the speaker and their sociocultural context. ‘Education’ itself is a highly contested term, and so the answer to the question posed is necessarily a complex one. Educational systems, as part of the structure of a society, derive much of their character from it. They aid in the transmission of knowledge from one generation to the next, reproducing that which the dominant culture finds valuable. Schooling, it can be said, exists more for the benefit of society than for the individual. This cultural reproduction can take a multiplicity of forms within the educational context, ranging from the starkly evident to the subconscious and implicit. However, this theory of purpose is far from a universally accepted one, and alternatives will also be examined here. Sewell (2007), drawing on Wittgenstein’s linguistic theories, suggests that the meaning of ‘education’ is not fixed but contextual; it therefore carries a multiplicity of meanings and cannot be reduced to any one formal definition. This is in keeping with Matheson’s (2004) description of the term as ‘elastic’ and capable of stretching to encompass whichever qualities the speaker’s rhetoric demands. Yet in order for the word to fulfil its function, there must be core commonalities of meaning. One highly influential definition wasShow MoreRelatedThe Definition And The Purpose Of Education1484 Words   |  6 Pagesanalyses the definition and the purpose of education. I first define education as a particularly social activity through the integration from different views. Then I introduce the education in China, in the process of quality education reform, which can be taken as a shift from the utilization of education. The current situation, however, is unsatisfactory and problematic because the reform seems to be just a formality. Partially as a solution to this, I describe the purpose of education to focus onRead MoreA Critical and Rhetorical Analysis of William Cronons Only Connect.1712 Words   |  7 PagesA Liberal Education? Not According to Cronon. A Critical and Rhetorical Analysis of Cronons Only Connect. While the term liberal education is heard from the most prestigious university to an inner city community college, the phrase itself has a hazy definition at best. While educators across America struggle with the definition of the phrase, William Cronon uses purpose, structure, and appeals in his essay Only Connect: The Goals of Liberal education, to define a liberally educated being andRead MoreChallenges of Teaching Students with Emotional/Behavioral Disorders1735 Words   |  7 PagesChallenges of Teaching Students with EBD There are many challenges presented to the education system in teaching students with EBD. Many of these challenges are related to the interpretation of the definition of EBD itself. This paper will address the many challenges of teaching students with EBD including a discussion of the definitions presented to the Federal government for adoption. EBD Definitions The definition of EBD according to IDEA 2004 states that emotional disturbance includes at leastRead MoreIntroduction. Nowadays, There Are More And More People1638 Words   |  7 Pagesdifferent degrees and different ways. It seems that education has become a common word in daily life and it seems to be easy to understand. In fact, education, as a social activity, with a long history of development, a complex and diverse internal structure, interacts with other social activities in multilevel and multifaceted way. Through the long history,educators,thinkers,politicians and scholars have answered the question of what education is in different ways: some see it from the perspectiveRead MoreEducationese Power Point1012 Words   |  5 PagesEducationese Inclusion ï‚› Inclusion places a special needs student in a regular education classroom for the full day or part of the day(Webster). ï‚› Inclusion is good in the classroom so the kids can make friends and feel like they are not being left out. Informal assessment ï‚› An informal assessment is assessing a student in a casual atmosphere using checklists, observation, performance and the student may not even know about it(2014). ï‚› An informal assessment helps a teacher understand what levelRead MoreEssay about Critical Thinking: Evaluation1572 Words   |  7 Pagesof an Academic Source This paper is a summary of critical evaluation of the suitability of an article as an academic source. The title of the article is Critical Thinking: An Extended Definition. The author, Professor Ken Petress, analyzes various definitions of critical thinking and provides his definition of the concept as well. It is vitally important when performing research on a topic that we completely understand the topic and that we can apply certain tests or questions to the topic inRead MoreStruggling to Define Industry in the Industrial Disputes Act805 Words   |  3 PagesINTRODUCTION No other provision of the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947 (hereinafter ID Act) has been under as much scrutiny as the definition of ‘industry’ given under section 2(j). To avail the benefit of the ID Act, it is necessary for the worker to prove that his place of employment falls under the purview of the definition of ‘industry’ in s 2(j). Over the years the judiciary has laid down certain tests and criteria to determine and limit (or as seen later, expand) the scope of the legislationRead MoreEssay on My Personal Philosophy of Education1490 Words   |  6 Pages Philosophy of Education Relating my reasons for becoming a teacher was not a very difficult task for me; to accomplish this task I simply needed to reflect upon and describe some of my own personal experiences. I relied basically upon my memories and thoughts about my own educational experiences. However, describing my philosophy of education was much more difficult task for me to accomplish. First of all, before I could properly describe my philosophy, I realized I needed a workingRead MoreBenefits Of Co Teaching For Students With Special Education1189 Words   |  5 Pages 2004). A student with special needs has the right to a free and appropriate public education. This is mandated under the Individuals with Disabilities Act (IDEA 2004). This law also states that a student should be educated in their least restrict environment. Ideally, this would be the general education classroom. Co-teaching was designed to support the needs of students with disabilities in a general education setting. Resea rch studies have shown that co-teaching can be very effective for studentsRead MoreThe National Physical Education Standards Essay888 Words   |  4 Pagesto accomplish a physically healthy lifestyle. Both the National Physical Education Standards(AAHPERD) and the Mississippi Physical Education Frameworks assist educators in designing a curriculum that teaches students about the necessity and fundamentals of physical activity. There are obvious differences and similarities between both educational standards as far as their content and structure goes. However, both the purpose and function of both standards are still analogous. Both standards inform

Causes of Global Warming - 525 Words

Have you ever thought of what is the cause to global warming? Some people still happen to believe that global warming is a made up story, which is preventing humans from advancing. While others might believe that global warming is realistic and is a man made problem. Global warming is sooner or later going to impact you in a major way that can even change your life style. We the people need to understand that global warming can result in harmful consequences to the earth that one cannot even imagine. There are many ways to help stop the spread of global warming. Global warming is hurting the world, which we live in, and it can result in decrease amount of population after a long period of time. Global warming happens to be really harmful and will affect the people if no effort is placed to prevent it. Global warming is the rise of the surface temperature due to the different types of gases given out due to human activity. There are many different ways global warming occurs. The majo r way global warming occurs is due to the gases that hurt the ozone layer such as carbon dioxide and air pollution. These gases are narrowing the ozone layer, which is allowing more heat than needed to enter the earth’s atmosphere. But there are also other reasons that cause global warming such as the cars, cows and even the factories. All these living or non-living creatures stated let out certain gases that are extremely hazardous to the environment The effects of the global warming can harmShow MoreRelatedThe Causes Of Global Warming Essay1705 Words   |  7 Pages Global warming has been for decades the center of discussion between intergovernmental agencies and world leaders, each forum aiming to discuss the causes of the global warming. Scientists have been in the front lie to figure out the causes of the global warming. The hurdles and the efforts to discern the causes of the global warming are to learn ways to counter the causes so as to prevent the earth from vanqui shing in the detrimental effects of the global warming. Additionally, the effort to learnRead MoreThe Cause For Global Warming1279 Words   |  6 Pages2015 The Cause for Global Warming Global warming refers to the drastic change in climate. But who are the ones that cause global warming? Is it the people of earth or is it just the natural change in climate as the world ages? People claim that it’s just a natural change in climate, that the people have only a little influence on the climate. Others say that we the people are the cause for the dramatic change in climate with the greenhouse gases we emit into the atmosphere. Global warming is indeedRead MoreThe Causes for Global Warming1538 Words   |  7 Pagesof global climate over long periods of time. Climate model projections made by the US Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) show that, recently, global temperature has increased. This increase in temperature is referred to as global warming. One of the main causes of global warming is greenhouse gases. Greenhouse gases are gases in the atmosphere that absorb solar radiation to keep the planet warm. These gases have increased, so more solar r adiation is trapped inside raising global temperaturesRead MoreCauses of Global Warming816 Words   |  3 Pagesatmosphere. This causes the air on Earth to contain higher kinetic energy due to the fact that more gas particles from the natural gases are colliding with the air particles. The higher kinetic energy results in higher temperature and heating of Earth’s surface. The heating of the Earth’s surface causes many of the world problems that we have today. 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They occurred in 1850; from about 1860-1880, 1915-1945, and 1975-1978 (see graph). The current warming was thought to have been generated by the discharge by man of carbon dioxide. All three of these periods of warming were divided into a period of universal cooling. The warming/cooling cycles, and theirRead MoreGlobal Warming : Causes And Effects905 Words   |  4 Pagesindependent variables that are contributing to the cause of a problem the world is currently faced with, global warming. What is global warming? Well, global warming is a rise in the Earth s average atmospheric temperature that causes corresponding changes in climate and that may result from the greenhouse effect (which I will talk more about.) Which is when our ozone layer has a hole which gradually increases, and increases heat from the sun. 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Macbeth 2 Persuasive Essay Example For Students

Macbeth 2 Persuasive Essay MacBeth Everyone who is mortal has at least one flaw. Some are more serious than others. For example, some people have addictions to gambling, while other people can’t remember to put the milk away after they use it. After a while though, a person’s flaws come back to haunt them. The tragedy MacBeth is no exception to this. In it, many of the character’s die. And the reason is that they have a flaw, that would eventually lead to their downfall. Not every character is deserving of his fate though. Some characters have a minor flaw, which shouldn’t lead to their death. But other’s have a major flaw, which is would eventually lead them to their death anyway. The first Thane of Cawdor, is killed by MacBeth for trying to lead a revolution against England. His fatal flaw was that he was according to Ross, â€Å"a disloyal traitor†. The thane of Cawdor was greedy, and wanted the throne of England for himself, and as a result was murdered. But his murder wasn’t really disheartening, because the Thane of Cawdor, deserved his fate. He was leading a battle, in which many lost their lives, for the sake of greed, and deserved to die because of his flaw. Duncan was the King of England, and was murdered by MacBeth. He was murdered, because in order for MacBeth to fulfill his plan and become king, Duncan would have to die. Duncan’s fatal flaw was that he was too trusting. For example, he thought that none of his friends could really be enemies. If Duncan was more careful about his safety at MacBeth’s castle, he may have had a chance to survive. But Duncan’s flaw, wasn’t something so horrible that he should die. Most people need to trust each other more, and just because one person did, he shouldn’t have to die. MacBeth’s former best friend, Banquo was also killed by MacBeth. Banquo was killed, because he knew too much about the murder of Duncan. But that was not his fatal flaw. Banquo’s fatal flaw was that although he knew that MacBeth killed Duncan, he really didn’t do anything about it. There were many opportunities where Banquo could tell someone such as MacDuff what he thought about the murders. But Banquo didn’t deserve death, just because he didn’t act quickly in telling someone that MacBeth killed Duncan. Banquo knew that if he said anything, no one would believe him, and he would be executed. Lady MacBeth is MacBeth’s wife. She is his coconspirator in killing Duncan. Although she helps MacBeth get the courage to commit the murder, she isn’t willing to do it herself. She uses the excuse that Duncan looked too much like her father. Unlike MacBeth though, it is harder for Lady MacBeth to live with the fact that she helped cause the murder of the king. And in the end, it makes her so crazy that she commits suicide. Whether or not Lady MacBeth deserved her fate is a tricky question. Although she did encourage MacBeth to murder Duncan, she feels regret for her action. Also, she realized what she did was wrong. But in my opinion, she realized it a little too late, and Duncan was still dead so she did deserve her fate. MacBeth was the focus of the entire play, and that’s why it was named after him. All of the problems start when he murder’s Duncan. He commits the murder because of his fatal flaw, he is too ambitious. If he wasn’t so ambitious and determined to be king, then he would never have killed Duncan. And if MacBeth didn’t kill Duncan none of the other characters would die. MacBeth deserved his fate more than any other characters in the play. He did many things wrong. .ub857c34404073d0b63aeba50e7746de5 , .ub857c34404073d0b63aeba50e7746de5 .postImageUrl , .ub857c34404073d0b63aeba50e7746de5 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ub857c34404073d0b63aeba50e7746de5 , .ub857c34404073d0b63aeba50e7746de5:hover , .ub857c34404073d0b63aeba50e7746de5:visited , .ub857c34404073d0b63aeba50e7746de5:active { border:0!important; } .ub857c34404073d0b63aeba50e7746de5 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ub857c34404073d0b63aeba50e7746de5 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ub857c34404073d0b63aeba50e7746de5:active , .ub857c34404073d0b63aeba50e7746de5:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ub857c34404073d0b63aeba50e7746de5 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ub857c34404073d0b63aeba50e7746de5 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ub857c34404073d0b63aeba50e7746de5 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ub857c34404073d0b63aeba50e7746de5 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ub857c34404073d0b63aeba50e7746de5:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ub857c34404073d0b63aeba50e7746de5 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ub857c34404073d0b63aeba50e7746de5 .ub857c34404073d0b63aeba50e7746de5-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ub857c34404073d0b63aeba50e7746de5:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Simple Gift Essay First he killed Duncan, then he killed Banquo. After that, MacBeth killed MacDuff’s family. And worst of all, MacBeth disturbed the balance of nature. Also, MacBeth didn’t feel any remorse until he was faced with death. If MacBeth just waited for his time, he would have been king, and have had a chance to enjoy it. Every character that died in MacBeth had one fatal flaw. The first Thane of Cawdor

Subordinate influence ethics

Appreciating ethical issues and maintaining business ethics are crucial concepts in driving successful relationships at individual and societal levels. These values are also crucial towards business growth bearing in minds that ethical congruence is a crucial factor in guiding both the short and long term focus in the sustainability of a business venture.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Subordinate influence ethics specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More According to Tang (2008, p. 249), ethics can be defined as the generally acceptable standards or rules that concerns social or personal welfare and which govern the conducts and operations of a particular society or organization. It is also evident business ethics take different forms and is commonly applied at all levels and stages of its operation and management. Scholars of organizational behavior like Ralston and Pearson (2010, p. 149) concur with ethical theorists and point out that it is crucial for individuals in a society both at micro and macro levels to assimilate behaviors that culminate to improved levels of organizational performance and productivity. As such, an understanding of subordinate influence ethics plays an important role of appreciating both self serving and pro-organizational ethical behaviors. While good organizational ethics behavior influences subordinates to enhance their work performance, I have come to acknowledge that poor business ethics forms one of the most retrogressing factors that negatively affect a society and national economy. Reported numbers of unethical cases have been out of bad influence, practices and undesirable behaviors by management personnel in organizations. The cumulative effect has been cited as one of the worst element to an economy. This has been compounded by spontaneous emergence of opportunistic chances for self- indulgent ethical behaviors and destructive ethics in an organization stetti ng A major question many researchers ask themselves is whether the perpetrators of bad business comprehend their overall impact on the society and economy. It is also definite that personal effectiveness is instrumental towards reinforcing ethical practices. The effectiveness of an individual at workplace depends on the communication system in the working environment as well as the ability to listen and to speak.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More It is important to observe that in all the communications that takes place in an environment, many people tend to get and remember half of what they listen, understand and believe. Additionally, personal effectiveness of an individual is greatly affected by ineffective communication that comes from clichà ©, jargon, inappropriate language and too much information. Also, there are instances when individuals communicate messages that a re unclear and sometimes these can be as a result of poorly structured thoughts. This becomes a barrier to effective communication and personal effectiveness. Also, other barriers include a verbal messages that conflicts with a non-verbal messages, distractions from other activities or noise in the environment and misinterpretation of the intent or content of the communication by the receiver. Furthermore, individuals at workplace respond to stimuli that makes them interested, angry, sad or happy. Communication is of significant importance in creating such emotions at a particular time in the lives of the workers. Good communication would mean motivation and effectiveness which is the opposite of bad communication manifested by an arrogant, presumptuous and patronizing way of passing information that would exist between employers’ and employees. Pro-organizational, self- centered and destructive ethics Perry, Kulik and Zhou (1999, p. 341) argue that subordinate influence by a n organization may lead to organizational beneficial behaviors among workers. Many organizations set sanctioned and prescribed standards for employees which play a crucial role of influencing their behaviors. Indeed, subordinate influence as Perry, Kulik and Zhou claims is critical for enhancing work performance in organizations. Employees under such influences will ensure that they have good working relationships with others, will behave in an appropriate manner and will put effort to accomplish tasks.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Subordinate influence ethics specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Using life stage hypothesis, understanding the dynamic nature of human personality has become a complex issue in the contemporary society owing to numerous factors such as nature, genetic makeup and the social environment that control and influence individual’s behavior. Sociologists like Galperin, Bennett and Aqu ino (2011, p. 407) argue that human behavior, besides being influenced by the environment, is also controlled by certain aspects such as culture and common life events. In agreement with Marangos and Astroulakis (2009, p. 385) whose arguments on development of ethics concur with Ralstons and Pearson (2010, p. 160) argument , I would like to point out that understanding the complex nature of human behavior requires appreciating certain concepts such as human development, cultural competency, corporate culture and human diversity. It is agreeable from the analysis in the article by Ralston that human behavior in terms of both life stage theory and convergence theory denotes that gaining knowledge on human development and their experiences throughout their life period is important towards understanding the role of influenced ethics behavior. Park, Rehg and Lee (2005, p. 387) point out that behaviors related to subordinate influence manifests themselves strongly in certain stages in lif e. In agreement, it is evident that the young and middle adulthood stages in life are some of the most challenging periods in life as individuals in these stages grow and experience massive life developments. I would like to point out that at these stages, especially at the beginning of early adulthood, individuals become more focused and ambitious with exceeding hope rising in the corporate ladder. To concur with Grojean et al (2004, p. 223), individuals in this stage due to their ambitions become more self interested and individualistic than other individuals in the middle adulthood and later stages. This could be due to the fact that individuals in this group are offered with an opportunity to typically move to an ‘elevated economic and social status, begin a career, get employed, marry and raise a family or contribute to the development of society. These factors among others according to life stage theory cause individuals in the early adulthood stages to engage in destruc tive and self indulging behaviors.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More On the other hand, middle adulthood period as described by Valentine et al (2011, p. 354) is a time when an individual is at his or her prime of life. A person at this age is both psychologically and physically capable, has vast experience and wisdom in variety of areas in life, and may have a stable career in place. It is a fact that at this stage many individuals tend to become universalistic, collectivistic and more nurturing. As such, it is notable that even without organizational influence, their level of development allows them to involve in ethical behaviors. In organizations, the ethical behavior exhibited by these groups becomes organizationally beneficial as they assist in the realization of organizational goals. The model of cross convergence I would like to point from the perspective of the social divergence theory that the sole determinant of the various values an individual possesses at a personal level is the social cultural influence. Societal cultures as Klinefelter (2010, p. 937) mentions differs and can either be collectivist or individualistic. These cultures are crucial and potential in influencing a business’ ideology. Many different societies in the world today have diverse cultures (Essers, Bohm and Contu 2009, p. 130). In international business, culture plays a very important role especially decision making processes. Research points out that effective understanding of other people’s nationalistic cultures when conducting business in other countries is important for effective interaction. When properly applied, concerns, anxiety and frustrations that come with cultural differences are minimized. Using the model of cross divergence, it is clear from the perspective drawn for the articles that different cultures of diverse nations like the US, China, Brazil and Germany are based on different independent dimensions that include short term or long term orientation and individualism or collectivism (Tang 2008, p. 249). The arg ument points out that these aid businesses in predicting how societies or nations that host them culturally operate. It is imperative to note that the culture of a given society is the sum of its assumptions, beliefs and values. The man-made part of the culture of a society is influenced by the perceptions individuals have of their social environment. As such, a prescribed behavior of a particular society is shaped by those shared perceptions (Fritzsche and Oz 2007, p. 335). An individual may not be able to directly observe culture, but can easily infer it from verbal exchanges and daily societal activities. References Essers, J., Bohm, S. Contu, A. 2009, â€Å"Corporate Robespierres, ideologies of management and change†, Journal of Organizational Change Management, vol. 22, no. 2, pp. 129-140. Fritzsche, D. Oz, E. 2007, â€Å"Personal values influence on the ethical dimension of decision making†, Journal of Business Ethics, vol. 75, no. 4, pp. 335-335. Galperin, B.L ., Bennett, R.J. Aquino, K. 2011, â€Å"Status differentiation and the protean self: a social-cognitive model of unethical behavior in organizations†, Journal of Business Ethics, vol. 98, no. 3, pp. 407-424. Grojean, M.W., Resick, C.J., Dickson, M.W. Smith, D.B. 2004, â€Å"Leaders, values, and organizational climate: examining leadership strategies for establishing an organizational climate regarding ethics†, Journal of Business Ethics, vol. 55, no. 3, pp. 223-241. Klinefelter, G. 2010, â€Å"Leadership and change management†, Choice, vol. 47, no. 5, pp. 937-938. Marangos, J. Astroulakis, N. 2009, â€Å"The Institutional Foundation of Development Ethics†, Journal of Economic Issues, vol. 43, no. 2, pp. 381-388. Park, H., Rehg, M.T. Lee, D. 2005, â€Å"The influence of Confucian ethics and collectivism on whistle blowing intentions: a study of South Korean public employees†, Journal of Business Ethics, vol. 58, no. 4, pp. 387-403. Perry, E.L., Kulik, C.T. Zhou, J. 1999, â€Å"A closer look at the effects of subordinate-supervisor age differences†, Journal of Organizational Behavior, vol. 20, no. 3, pp. 341-357. Ralston, D.A. Pearson, A. 2010, â€Å"The cross-cultural evolution of the subordinate influence ethics measure†, Journal of Business Ethics, vol. 96, no. 1, pp. 149-168. Tang, L. 2008, â€Å"An integral model of collective action in organizations and beyond†, Journal of Business Ethics, vol. 80, no. 2, pp. 249-261. Valentine, S., Godkin, L., Fleischman, G.M. Kidwell, R. 2011, â€Å"Corporate ethical values, group creativity, job satisfaction and turnover intention: the impact of work context on work response†, Journal of Business Ethics, vol. 98, no. 3, pp. 353-372. This essay on Subordinate influence ethics was written and submitted by user Kyla Burt to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

The Original 13 States of the United States

The Original 13 States of the United States The first 13 states of the United States of America were comprised of the original British colonies established between 17th and 18th centuries. While the first English settlement in North America was the Colony and Dominion of Virginia, established 1607, the permanent 13  colonies were established as follows: The New England Colonies New Hampshire Province, chartered as a British colony in 1679Massachusetts Bay Province chartered as a British colony in1692Rhode Island Colony chartered as a British colony in 1663Connecticut Colony chartered as a British colony in 1662 The Middle Colonies New York Province, chartered as a British colony in 1686New Jersey Province, chartered as a British colony in 1702Pennsylvania Province, a proprietary colony established in 1681Delaware Colony (before 1776, the Lower Counties on the Delaware River), a proprietary colony established in 1664 The Southern Colonies Maryland Province, a proprietary colony established in 1632Virginia Dominion and Colony, a British colony established in 1607Carolina Province, a proprietary colony established 1663Divided Provinces of North and South Carolina, each chartered as British colonies in 1729Georgia Province, a British colony established in 1732 Establishment of the 13 States The 13 states were officially established by the Articles of Confederation, ratified on March 1, 1781. The Articles created a loose confederation of sovereign states operating alongside a weak central government. Unlike the current power-sharing system of â€Å"federalism,† the Articles of Confederation bestowed most governmental powers to the states. The need for a stronger national government soon became apparent and eventually led to the Constitutional Convention in 1787. The United States Constitution replaced the Articles of Confederation on March 4, 1789.The original 13 states recognized by the Articles of Confederation were (in chronological order): Delaware (ratified the Constitution on December 7, 1787)Pennsylvania (ratified the Constitution on December 12, 1787)New Jersey (ratified the Constitution on December 18, 1787)Georgia (ratified the Constitution on January 2, 1788)Connecticut (ratified the Constitution on January 9, 1788)Massachusetts (ratified the Constitution on February 6, 1788)Maryland (ratified the Constitution on April 28, 1788)South Carolina (ratified the Constitution on May 23, 1788)New Hampshire (ratified the Constitution on June 21, 1788)Virginia (ratified the Constitution on June 25, 1788)New York (ratified the Constitution on July 26, 1788)North Carolina (ratified the Constitution on November 21, 1789)Rhode Island (ratified the Constitution on May 29, 1790) Along with the 13 North American colonies, Great Britain also controlled New World colonies in present-day Canada, the Caribbean, as well as East and West Florida by 1790. Today, the process by which U.S. territories attain full statehood is left largely to the discretion of Congress under Article IV, Section 3 of the U.S. Constitution, which states, in part, â€Å"The Congress shall have Power to dispose of and make all needful Rules and Regulations respecting the Territory or other Property belonging to the United States†¦Ã¢â‚¬ Ã‚   Brief History of the US Colonies While the Spanish were among the first Europeans to settle in the â€Å"New World,† England had by the 1600s established itself as the dominant governing presence along the Atlantic coast of what would become the United States. The first English colony in America was founded in 1607 in Jamestown, Virginia. Many of the settlers had come to the New World to escape religious persecution or in hopes of economic gains. In September 1620, the Pilgrims, a group of oppressed religious dissidents from England, boarded their ship, the Mayflower and set sail for the New World. Arriving off the coast of what is now Cape Cod in November 1620, they established a settlement at Plymouth, Massachusetts. After surviving great initial hardships in adjusting to their new homes, colonists in both Virginia and Massachusetts thrived with the well-publicized assistance of nearby Native American tribes. While increasingly large crops of corn kept them fed, tobacco in Virginia provided them with a lucrative source of income. By the early 1700s a growing share of the colonies’ population was comprised of African slaves. By 1770, the population of Britain’s 13 North American colonies had grown to more than 2 million people. By the early 1700s enslaved Africans made up a growing percentage of the colonial population. By 1770, more than 2 million people lived and worked in Great Britains 13 North American colonies. Government in the Colonies On November 11, 1620, before establishing their Plymouth Colony, the Pilgrims drafted the Mayflower Compact, a social contract in which they basically agreed that they would govern themselves. The powerful precedent for self-government set by the Mayflower Compact would be reflected in the system of public town meetings that guided colonial governments across New England. While the 13 colonies were indeed  allowed a high degree of self-government, the British system of mercantilism ensured that the colonies existed purely to benefit the economy of the  mother country. Each colony was allowed to develop its own limited government, which operated under a colonial governor appointed by and answerable to the British Crown. With the exception of the British-appointed governor, the colonists freely elected their own government representatives who were required to administer the English system of â€Å"common law.† Significantly, most decisions of the local colonial governments had to be reviewed and approved by both the colonial governor and the British Crown. A system which would become more cumbersome and contentious as the colonies grew and prospered. By the 1750s, the colonies had started dealing with each other in matters concerning their economic interests, often without consulting the British Crown. This led to a growing feeling of American identity among the colonists who began to demand that the Crown protect their â€Å"Rights as Englishmen,† particularly the right of â€Å"no taxation without representation.† The colonists’ continued and growing grievances with the British government under the rule of King George III would lead to the colonists’ issuance of the Declaration of Independence in 1776, the American Revolution, and eventually, the Constitutional Convention of 1787. Today, the American flag prominently displays thirteen horizontal red and white stripes representing the original thirteen colonies.